Hot air furnace



Patented June 10, 1941 UNITED STATES OFFICE All} 7 can Lengyel, Buffalo, N. Y. originalapplication December 13, 1,939,.Serial-No.

1.0 am- This invention relates to improvements in a hot air furnace of the type which includes a'hol W ad a or o d tum'th o eh'wm b 1 0 gases re conducte from combust on lc ambre t h i ey o flue an a housi ormi a air chamber and having a lower upright wall which surrounds the side of theradi tor and adjacent parts of the heating apparatus ai da top .or dome which extends inwardly'from the side wallover he en r a iator an i Se arated .t k m e o ts ent r o id hfroin th ii erlside .c th raate by a i te re i ns'e s ac In the operation'of such furnaces as heretofore constructed the'ho't gases passing upwardly from the cbmuu uozi chamber first n a e with the central part ofth'ehoii'sing top or dome and theriare deflectedlaterally'thereby ih'th'e air space between the upper side of the'radiator and to the underside of'the dometowardthe air outlets formed in the marginal parts of the dome through .which they escape to the chimney or flues leading to, the outer, atmosphere.

Inasmuch as the gases upon rising from the combustion chamber are in their hottest condi tion and therefore operate with the greatest intensity on the central part of the upper side of the radiator it follows that the air immediately above this part of the radiator is also heated to the greatest extent. In prior furnaces undue heating of the air in the room immediately above the central part of the dome has been prevented by making this central part of the housing dome of downwardly dished form and filling the same with sand which operates as an insulator to prevent excess heating of the respective part of the housing dome and the external air adjacent thereto.

This construction is objectionable inasmuch as a dead body of air is constantly present between the central parts of the radiator and the housing dome which, owing to its low heat conducting capacity, interferes with the transference of heat from this part of the radiator to the stream of air flowing upwardly from the marginal parts of the radiator through the corresponding parts of the air space between the radiator and housing dome to the air outlets of the latter, and therefore reduces the efiiciency of the furnace accordingly.

It is the purpose of this invention to provide a hot air furnace of this character with simple and efiicient means whereby the dead air space immediately above the central part of the radiator is eliminated and heat from this part of the latter is transferred to the stream of air passing wit-S r a 1r 34 9 3.09.047. D v d d'a thisiapjglicfatitni gl "2;,

thr ugh the annula space betwee e mar n parts of theradiatorv and the housingdome, thereby n t only efli ctin a savin n fuel b t al i reesi s ee of t air whic is ei hea e and enabling rooms. to {be warmed more rapidly than has beenpOssibIe heretofore;

"This is, a division of Uri i ted'.$tates patent application Serial No. allaoevgfiled De emb 13, 1939,1patented'August'ZY, 194;0 underNo. 2 312,6.66. Intlie ccompanying ,ar wing:

Fig. 1 is'a vertical'fsectioniof a hot airfurnace embodying .one funn er this invention. A

" Fig 2 'is' a IiOri bntaIsBIitiOnI on an enlarged Scale, takenon li'rifI- ZjEigfil. -Fig.j3' is afragmentary vertical sectionon an enlarged" scale," taken" .on the correspondingly numbered linein-Bigj'l 'Inthfe following description similar characters pf referenceiindicat .p arts in thei'siyeral i w x m c ention may be embodied in hot air .fdrna c'espwhiclifinayvary in details "or eonstmcti cn uat shown Fig; '1 is suitable and o? prises" a heating" apparatus having a letter pit ,DIaih ,e po. Tfwhic'h isarrangd above the pit and inwh'ich the'fu el isbu rnedfa combustion chamber I2 which receives the gases from the fire pot and in which the combustion of the same is completed, and a hollow radiator or drum which is arranged above the combustion chamber and which has a central section [3 constructed in the form of a cap having a closed crown or head l4 and an open lower end through which it receives the hot gas from the upper end of the combustion chamber, and an annular heat distributing channel l5 which surrounds said capshaped central section l3 and is connected on its inner side with the side wall l6 of the radiator cap by a radial flue I1, while its outer side is provided with a pipe or outlet l8 for the smoke or products of combustion which are delivered to a chimney or flue leading to the outer atmosphere.

When burning hard fuel, such as wood or coal, a grate I9 is employed between the fire pot H and the pit and the latter in this case serves to receive the ashes of the burnt fuel, but if a fluid fuel is burned in the fire pot, such as oil or gas, then the grate may be omitted.

An air chamber or jacket is formed around the side of the heating apparatus and over the upper marginal part of the same which is adapted to receive the air to be heated andconduct the same to pipes leading to the places to be heated. This air chamber is formed by a housing or jacket comprising a lower tubular body or upright wall section 20 of circular form surrounding the side of said ash pit, fire pot, combustion chamber and radiator channel but spaced therefrom and haw'ng an air inlet 2| on its lower part, and an upper annular top or dome section 22 extending inwardly from the upper end of the body or side wall 20 and overhanging the marginal part of said radiator but spaced therefrom and provided with one or more air outlets 23 through which the hot air is discharged from the air chamber and then conducted by suitable piping or conduits to the rooms to be heated.

The improvement forming the subject of this invention consists generally of deflecting means which extend from the top of the housing to the upper side of the radiator so as to avoid the formation of a dead air space between the central part of the housing top and the central part of the radiator, thereby compelling allvof the air which enters the lower part of the air jacket to flow in the form of a live stream upwardly along the exterior of the heating apparatus and to the hot air outlets of the housing top, whereby the flowing speed of the air is increased and the rooms which are served will be heated more rapidly. The air deflecting meansfor accomplishing this purpose may be varied; those shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 being oneform which is suitable and constructed as follows: 1

The numeral 24 represents the air deflector which is constructed of sheet metal in the form of a downwardly tapering tube or cone which is arranged between'the central parts of the radiator and the housing dome. .The latter is provided with a central opening 25 forming an inner annular edge thereon to which the upper large end of the deflector is secured in. any suitable manner. The lower small .end of the deflector is arranged over the marginal part of the central cap 13 of the radiator and is provided with an inturned flange 26 resting on the radia- 'tor dome. The crown Not the radiator is pro vided on its upper side with a marginal upstanding rib or flange 21 and the flange 26 of the deflector is arranged around this rib. The space within the deflector is filled with heat insulatin material 28, such as rock wool or mineral wool, for preventing radiation of heat from the central part of the radiator to the external air immediately above the same and thus causing the deflector 24 to operate as the sole means which transfer heat from the central part of the radiator to the annular body of air which surrounds the deflector within the housing and thereby causes the air to be heated more efiiciently and economically.

This form of deflector is more particularly suited for use in a heating apparatus of this character when the furnace and deflector are both made in a factory and assembled as a completed unit when put on the market inasmuch as the parts can be made of a definite size at this time and accurately fitted to each other without requiring allowance for any adjustment of the parts relative to each other.

This'air deflector is very simple in construc tion and low in cost and its use efiects a considerable economy in fuel consumption and expedites the heating operation.

I claim as my invention:

A hot air furnace comprising a combustion chamber in which the hot gases rise, a hollow radiator arranged above the combustion chamber and receiving the-hot gases therefrom and provided on the central part of its upper side with an annular rib, a housing forming an air chamber around said combustion chamber and radiator and having a lower upright body and an upper annular top which overhangs the marginal part of said radiator and which has an air outlet, a deflector of downwardly tapering form having its upper end connected with the inner edge of said annular top and having its lower end engaging with the top of said radiator around said rib, and an insulating filling arranged within said deflector.

' CARL LENGYEL. 

